Saarbrücken (pronounced [ˈzaːɐ̯ˈbrʏkn] in German; French: Sarrebruck, Lux.: Saarbrécken) is the capital of the Saarland Bundesland in Germany. Geographical location 49°15′N, 6°58′E. Population 179,000. The city sits at the heart of a metropolitan area of 1.1 million people.
Saarbrücken used to be the industrial and transport centre of a great coal basin; factories here produced iron and steel, sugar, beer, pottery, optical instruments, machinery, and construction materials. However, over the past decades the industrial importance of Saarland has declined, as it is much cheaper, even for German companies, to import coal from lower-wage countries instead of buying it here.
Historic landmarks in the city include the stone bridge across the Saar (1546), the Gothic church of St Arnual, the 18th century Saarbrücker Schloss (castle) and the old part of the town, the St. Johanner Markt. In 1815 Saarbrücken came under Prussian control, and for two periods in the 20th century (1919-1935 and 1945-1957) it became part of the Saar territory under French administration. For this reason, coupled with its proximity to the French border, it retains a certain French influence.
In modern German Saarbrücken seems to mean Saar's bridges (Brücken is German for bridges) and as there are about a dozen bridges across the Saar river, this sounds very plausible. However the name predates any bridge at this spot by at least 500 years. The historical name of the town is actually Sarabrucca, derived from the Old High German word Brucca which became Brocken in High German (rocks or boulders in English).